Rio de Janeiro is one of the most famous cities in the world, but it requires constant, heightened situational awareness. The main tourist zones in the South Zone (Zona Sul), such as Copacabana, Ipanema, and Leblon, are heavily patrolled by tourist police and are generally safe during the day. However, tourists must never take valuables (phones, jewelry, passports) to the beach, as 'arrastões' (flash-mob robberies) and opportunistic snatch-and-grab thefts are common. Avoid using your smartphone openly on the street. Tourists should strictly avoid entering favelas (informal settlements) without a highly reputable local guide, as many are controlled by heavily armed drug factions. At night, always use Uber or registered taxis rather than walking, even for short distances.